body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 100vh;
    background-color: #fafafa;
    color: #333;
}

/* Header styles */
header {
    background-image: url('imgs/bkg_image_space.jpg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    height: 350px; /* Set a fixed height for the header */
    position: relative;
    text-align: center;
    color: white;
}


/* Navigation base styles */
nav ul {
    list-style-type: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0; /* Position the navigation bar at the bottom of the header */
    width: 100%;
    flex-wrap: wrap; /* Allows items to wrap onto multiple lines */
    z-index: 100; /* Ensure the navigation is clickable */
}


nav ul li {
    margin: 0 15px;
}

nav ul li a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 18px;
    padding: 10px;
    display: block;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 5px;
}

/* Responsive styles for mobile devices */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    nav {
        position: sticky;
        top: 0;
        z-index: 100; /* Ensure the navigation is on top */
    }

    section {
        padding: 2rem 1rem;
        margin: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    h2 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    h3 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

.profile-pic {
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 5px solid white;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

h1 {
    margin-top: 20px;
    font-size: 36px;
    color: white;
    max-width: 100%; /* Ensure the heading takes up the full width */
    margin: 0 auto; /* Center the text */
}

/* Section styles */
section {
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin: 1rem;
    position: relative;
}

section:first-of-type {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

section:last-of-type {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}


h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: #1f2937;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

h2::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #374151;
    font-weight: 600;
}

p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Publications box styles */
.publications-box {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    height: 400px;
    overflow-y: auto;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.publications-box:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.publications-box ul {
    list-style-type: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.publications-box ul li {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Footer styles */
footer {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    margin-top: auto;
}

/* Button styling */
.btn, .contact-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 8px 16px; /* Smaller padding for a smaller button */
    font-size: 14px; /* Smaller font size */
    color: white !important;
    background-color: rgba(0, 80, 158, 0.8); /* Dark blue with 80% opacity */
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease; /* Add transition for smooth hover effect */
    margin-top: 0px; /* Add margin to separate from text */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); /* Add shadow for depth */
}

.btn:hover, .contact-btn:hover {
    background-color: rgba(0, 102, 204, 0.8); /* Lighter blue with 80% opacity on hover */
    transform: scale(1.05); /* Slightly enlarge the button on hover */
}

.btn i, .contact-btn i {
    margin-right: 8px; /* Space between icon and text */
    color: white;
}

/* Responsive styles for mobile devices */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .profile-pic {
        width: 100px; /* Reduce image size on smaller screens */
        height: 100px;
    }

    h1 {
        font-size: 22px; /* Further reduce the font size on smaller screens */
        max-width: 90%; /* Limit the width of the heading */
        margin: 10px auto; /* Center and add some margin */
    }

    .header-content {
        padding-top: 0; /* Remove extra padding on smaller screens */
        text-align: center; /* Ensure text is centered */
    }

    nav ul {
        flex-direction: row; /* Ensure the items stay in a row before wrapping */
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); /* Darken background for mobile */
        flex-wrap: wrap; /* Wrap the menu items onto multiple lines */
        position: static; /* Remove absolute positioning */
        padding: 10px 0; /* Add some padding to the top for mobile */
    }

    nav ul li {
        margin: 5px 0; /* Reduce spacing between items vertically */
    }

    nav ul li a {
        font-size: 16px; /* Adjust font size for better readability on small screens */
        padding: 10px; /* Keep padding consistent for tapping */
    }

    .header-content {
        padding-top: 50px; /* Adjust content padding to fit the mobile menu */
    }

    /* Hamburger menu styles */
    .hamburger {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        justify-content: space-around;
        width: 30px;
        height: 30px;
        cursor: pointer;
        position: absolute;
        top: 10px;
        right: 10px;
    }

    .hamburger div {
        width: 100%;
        height: 3px;
        background-color: white;
        border-radius: 5px;
        transition: all 0.3s linear;
    }
}

/* Hide hamburger menu on desktop */
.hamburger {
    display: none;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* Modern Research Section Styles */
.section-intro {
    font-size: 1.1em;
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.research-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin: 2rem 0;
}

.research-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.research-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.research-card.featured {
    border-left: 4px solid #3b82f6;
}

.card-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
}

.card-header h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.3em;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: white;
}

.status-badge {
    position: absolute;
    top: 1rem;
    right: 1rem;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8em;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.status-badge.published {
    background: rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.9);
}

.status-badge.accepted {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    color: #374151;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

.card-content {
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.card-content p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #374151;
}

.card-image {
    margin: 1rem 0;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #f8fafc;
}

.card-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    max-height: 300px;
    object-fit: contain;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.card-image:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.card-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.card-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    color: #475569;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.9em;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.card-link:hover {
    background: #e2e8f0;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.card-link.paper {
    background: #fef3c7;
    color: #92400e;
}

.card-link.paper:hover {
    background: #fde68a;
}

.card-link.binder {
    background: #e0e7ff;
    color: #3730a3;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
}

.card-link.binder:hover {
    background: #c7d2fe;
}

.binder-badge {
    height: 20px;
    width: auto;
}

.research-footer {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding-top: 2rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    text-align: center;
}

.research-footer p {
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.profile-links {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.profile-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.2rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.profile-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    color: white;
}

/* Responsive improvements */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .card-header {
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .card-content {
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .card-links {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .card-link {
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .profile-links {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }
}

/* Modern Contact Section */
#contact .contact-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

#contact .contact-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.8rem 1.5rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white !important;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 10px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

#contact .contact-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    color: white !important;
}

#contact .contact-btn i {
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

/* About Section Enhancements */
#about {
    text-align: center;
}

#about p {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto 2rem auto;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

/* Publications Section */
.publications-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.publications-header h3 {
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.publications-header h3::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 60px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.pub-link-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.9em;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.pub-link-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    color: white;
}

/* XLF Tools Section */
.xlf-tools-section {
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin: 1rem 0;
    border-left: 4px solid #3b82f6;
}

.xlf-image {
    margin: 1rem 0;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.xlf-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    max-height: 250px;
    object-fit: contain;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.xlf-image:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* Card Images Layout */
.card-images {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 1rem 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.card-image.small {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 200px;
}

.card-image.small img {
    max-height: 200px;
}

/* Image Reference Styling */
.image-ref {
    color: #6b7280;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.9em;
}

.xlf-tools-section h4 {
    margin: 0 0 0.8rem 0;
    color: #1f2937;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.xlf-tools {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.xlf-tool {
    background: #e0e7ff !important;
    color: #3730a3 !important;
    border: 1px solid #c7d2fe;
}

.xlf-tool:hover {
    background: #c7d2fe !important;
    color: #312e81 !important;
}

/* Responsive contact section */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    #contact .contact-links {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 0.8rem;
    }
    
    #contact .contact-btn {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 280px;
        justify-content: center;
        padding: 1rem 1.2rem;
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }
    
    #contact .contact-btn i {
        margin-right: 0.8rem;
        font-size: 1.2em;
    }
}

/* Extra small screens (phones in portrait) */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    #contact .contact-links {
        gap: 0.6rem;
    }
    
    #contact .contact-btn {
        max-width: 260px;
        padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    #contact .contact-btn i {
        margin-right: 0.6rem;
        font-size: 1.1em;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .publications-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .publications-header h3 {
        text-align: center;
        align-self: center;
    }
    
    .publications-header h3::after {
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }
    
    .pub-link-btn {
        align-self: center;
    }
    
    .xlf-tools {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .xlf-tool {
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .card-images {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .card-image.small {
        min-width: 100%;
    }
}